[2026-1 New Faculty Interview] Prof. Hee-Chan Song, Questioning the Essence of Business
[2026-1 New Faculty Interview]
“Look Beneath the Surface of Business Administration”
Professor Hee-Chan Song, Questioning the Essence of Business Through Desire and Reflection
In the first semester of 2026, Professor Hee-Chan Song, newly appointed to Korea University Business School, begins from a somewhat different question. Rather than focusing on corporations and markets, his research draws attention to human “desire” and “meaning,” presenting a new perspective by connecting Buddhism and business administration. Having explored life and organizations together through ethnography at various temples across Asia, he emphasizes that in rapidly changing times, “self-reflection” is more important than knowledge. We spoke with him about his perspective, which reexamines the foundations of business administration.
Q. You are conducting unique research that integrates Buddhism and business administration. What led you to choose this topic initially, and what is the personal story behind how you began this research?
At first, I entered this field by studying Buddhist organizations themselves. After beginning my research in Korea, several monks suggested that I should also try studying Buddhism, which led me to stay in Kyoto, Japan during my doctoral program and engage more deeply with Buddhism. Later, through introductions from Japanese monks, I encountered Thai Buddhism, and as I observed how highly developed its practices, institutions, and organizations were, my research interests naturally expanded.
After completing my doctoral program, I began my academic career as a professor in Thailand, and at the same time, I experienced life as a monk, which deepened my desire to understand Buddhism more profoundly. I came to view Buddhism not simply as a subject of research, but as an actual way of life. Since then, with institutional support, I have expanded my research scope and continued fieldwork in various regions, including Yunnan Province in China, Vietnam, Laos, and more recently Bhutan. As these experiences accumulated, my research connecting Buddhism and business administration gradually became more concrete.
Business administration ultimately deals with people and organizations. Questions such as “Why do we do this work?”, “What is its meaning?”, and “What is responsibility?” have long been explored in philosophy. Corporate social responsibility, ethics, and values are also fundamentally grounded in philosophical concepts. In that sense, philosophical foundations have been very helpful in understanding business administration, and among them, Buddhism has provided me with particular intellectual interest by offering a very unique perspective on human beings and organizations.
Q. I understand that you have conducted long-term field research (ethnography) at temples across various Asian countries. Could you share a particularly memorable moment or an unexpected discovery from that process?
Field research is a method in which one directly enters the space where the research subjects are, lives alongside them, and becomes a part of them. For me, studying Buddhism and temples, experiencing the life of a monk firsthand was the most immersive research method. While it may seem somewhat unfamiliar in business administration, it has long been established as an important methodology in anthropology.
One of the most memorable moments was when I went to interview a monk practicing in Korea. After several requests, I was finally granted 20 minutes, and as a researcher, I had high expectations for this important opportunity. However, when we finally sat face to face, the monk did not say a single word, and I also found it difficult to speak, so we spent the entire 20 minutes in silence, simply drinking tea together. At the time, I felt so uncomfortable that I was sweating, and I thought I had gained no data at all.
However, as time passed, I came to realize that the silence itself was important data. If it truly had no meaning, the monk would not have agreed to meet me in the first place. The fact that we sat together without speaking was, in itself, a kind of message. Through that experience, I came to deeply reflect on meaning that cannot be explained through language, and on how Buddhism can convey something even beyond words.
Another memorable experience was a conversation about “sustainability” with a monk in Thailand. In business administration, I had always regarded sustainability as an inherently important value, but the monk instead asked, “Why do you assume the continuation of humanity as a given?” From his perspective, everything naturally arises and disappears, and an attachment to sustainability itself could create another kind of problem. While it may sound somewhat radical, that conversation taught me that even concepts we take for granted can be viewed from entirely different perspectives.
Ultimately, these experiences showed that Buddhism can raise questions that business administration often overlooks, through themes such as silence, desire, and attachment. For me, field research was not simply a process of collecting data, but a learning process that made familiar concepts appear unfamiliar again.
Q. Business administration is generally perceived as a discipline dealing with corporations and markets. Could you explain what new insights religion, culture, and philosophy—like in your research—can bring to business administration?
If I were to summarize this question in one keyword, I would say “desire.” In business administration and economics, human desire is taken as a premise, and the focus is on creating value through it. Desire itself is neither inherently positive nor negative; it can be seen as a neutral element that operates naturally within the capitalist system.
However, the real issue lies in how that desire guides human beings. Buddhism leads us to examine the very root of human desire. While Buddhism does not deny desire, it redirects it inward rather than outward, encouraging us to contemplate, “What is it that I truly want?”
In this process, practices such as meditation help us understand our desires more clearly and determine how to channel them. Ultimately, we often overlook questions such as why we work and why we pursue performance, and this kind of philosophical approach prompts us to reconsider those “missing pieces.”
I view Buddhism not merely as a religion, but as a “practice” for understanding and dealing with human desire. From this perspective, I believe it can provide important complementary insights for business administration in developing a deeper understanding of human beings.
Q. What kind of atmosphere and learning experience do you hope to create in your classes with students? Also, what do you most hope students will gain from your courses?
I emphasize “self-reflection.” Some people are good at self-insight, while many others are not due to lack of experience. Therefore, I believe a process that triggers this is necessary.
That is why, in my classes, I place importance on giving students time to reflect on themselves through discussions and essays. These days, thanks to technologies like ChatGPT, knowledge and information themselves are easily accessible to anyone. Moreover, the various content covered in business administration continues to change with the times and environment. Therefore, rather than simply keeping up with current information or technology, I hope students will look into the more fundamental issues underlying them.
Ultimately, what matters is asking oneself questions such as “What do I like?”, “What do I want to do?”, and “In what direction do I want to shape my life and career?” I believe the role of a professor is not merely to deliver knowledge, but to help students ask such questions and set the course of their own lives.
Rather than gaining just a few new pieces of information from my classes, I hope students will gain the ability to understand themselves more deeply and set their own direction. I hope my classes can serve as a starting point for such self-reflection.
Q. In a rapidly changing and highly competitive era, many students struggle with questions about direction. In connection with your research, could you offer a piece of advice on what it means to “live well” or “become a good leader”?
I tend to be cautious about definitively stating what direction is right for students. The standards for “living well” or “being a good leader” can differ from person to person. However, what is clear is that there is a significant difference between standards that come from deep self-reflection and those shaped by the expectations of parents, society, or the market.
That is why I believe periods of pause and emptiness are sometimes necessary. However, they should not remain at the level of mere healing. What is important is to pause and reflect on oneself at an ontological level, seriously asking questions such as “What kind of person am I?”, and “Why am I trying to follow this path?” I believe this is where the insight of Buddhism ultimately lies. It is about looking inward rather than chasing external standards, and confirming the direction of one’s desires for oneself.
You can quickly recognize someone who has gone through sufficient contemplation. When they talk about what they want to do, their eyes are different, and their choices carry their own reasons and depth. On the other hand, a life that follows given standards of success without reflection may appear impressive on the surface but can easily be shaken.
Ultimately, living well and becoming a good leader is not about following predetermined answers, but about deeply examining what one truly wants and then choosing the direction of one’s life based on that understanding. The university years, in particular, are a rare period when such questions can be asked most seriously. Therefore, rather than trying to decide on answers too quickly, I hope students will take time to pause and reflect deeply on themselves at least once.
2026.04.06
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